March 27, 2011

 External Commands - III

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UNDELETE :
It recovers the file or files from the current or specified drive or path.
Syntax : Undelete [Drive :] [Path] [File name /File spec] [/list :/AII ] :/ Purge [Drive :] : /s [Drive :]
: /T [Drive :] Entries: /Load :/ Unload :/ Status]


/LIST:
List solves the files that are recoverable as found on the current or specified drive.


ALL:
Recovers all the files found on the disk without prompting for conformation.


/PURGE :
Purges all the files that are found on the deletion Control directory.


/s :
Specifies to use deletion entry control method of recovery of the files.


/T:
Specifies to deletion tracks control method of recovery of the files.


/LOAD:
loads the undeletion program for deletion protection


/UNLOAD :
Unloads the deletion program from the memory.


/STATUS :
Display the current status of the undelete program.


/D:
Display the file names on the back up disk but doesn't restore them.


/M:
Restores only those files that were modified since the last back up was mode.


/N:
Restores only those files that were deleted since the last back up.


/P:
Prompts to conform the restoration of files that were changed since the last backup or marked as read only


/S:
Restores the files in the sub directories nested below the target directory.


EDIT:
This is used to Edit the text files.
Syntax : Edit
Ex : A:\> Edit


DELETE:
It is used for Deleting an entire directory. It will delete the hidden files all.
Syntax: DELTREE [ DRIVE: ] [ PATH] DIRECTORIES [IY].


MODE:
It Controls the mode of the display.


SYS:
Transforms the system files to the target disk from the Specified or Current directory.

The system files are IO-Sys. MS-DOS Sys. Command-Sys. Drive space, Bin ( Binary files ). These files are used for the process of booting or to make a disk bootable.
Syntax: Sys [Drive:1] [Path] [Drive :2]


MOVE:
This Command is used to move a file or a group of files. It is also used to Rename a directory. The target directory does not exist it is created by this command and it exist the files are transferred to the specified target directory.
Syntax : MOVE [ Drive: ] [ Path ] [ File name /File spec]

[TargetDrive ] Path [File name / File spec ]


ATTRIB : This Command displays, sets and delete the file attribute of a file or a group of files.
Syntax : ATTRIB [ +A : -A ] [ +R : -R ] [ +S : -S ] [ +H : -H ]
[ Drive: ] [ Path] [ File name / File spec]
A: Archive Attribute
R: Read only Attribute
S.: System Attribute
H: Hidden Attribute
+: Sets the Attribute
- : Deletes the Attribute


RESTORE:
Restores the files from a back up diskette that were back up using the back up program or command. The restore Command required two parameters the Source drive where the files are located.
The Target drive is to where the files are restored DOS assumes the currently logged Sub directory as the target directory.
Syntax : Restore Source Target
Drive: Drive: [ Path]
File spec [/A : MM-DD-YY ] [/B : MM-DD-YY]
[/E: HH : MM : SS ] [ /L : HH : MM : SS ] { /P ] [/M] [ /N ] [ /S ]
[/A : MM - DD - YY ] : Forces the restoration of files that were modify on or after the specified date.
[/B : MM - DD - YY ] : Forces the restoration of files that were modify on or before the specified date
[/E : HH - MM - SS ] : Forces the restoration of files that were modify at or after a specified time.
[/  : HH - MM - SS ] : Forces the restoration of files that were modify at or earlier than the specified  date on file.



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March 24, 2011

 External Commands - II

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DRIVE: 
Indicates the name of Source and Target Drives path name.

[/A ] : Copies the Source files that have their Archive Bit Set.
[/D ] : Copies the Source files Modified or Specified Date.
[/E ] : Copies any Sub-Directories even if they are empty.
[/M ] : After copying a file it turns off the copy of each file.
[/P ] : Issues a prompt asking to confirm the copy of each file.
[/S ] : Copies Directories and Lower level Sub Directories unless they are empty.
[/V ] : Causes XCOPY to verify each file as it is written.
[/W] : Makes XCOPY wait before it starts any file.


HELP : 
This Command is used to give the help about the various DOS Commands.
Syntax: HELP [Command]
Ex : HELP TREE


DOSKEY: 
This Command is used to make DOS Remember all the Commands that you enter.
This is allows DOS to remember DOS Commands and permits the user to move cursor along the command like adding DOS Command before they are invoked.
Syntax : Dos key Macro = Commands {/Options}
Doskey does not effects the standard DOS function key but it adds function keys of its own.

/INSERT :
Changes Command line editing to insert mode as the default, press the insert key to do toggle between insert and overstrike mode.


/OVERSTRIKE:
Changes the Command line editing to over strike mode as the default this is the default state if no option are used press the insert key to toggle between the overstrike and insert in insert mode.  .

/REINSTALL:
it installs the additional copy of DOS key in Ram clears the current Command Buffer resets new option  specified on the command each time.

/BUFFER SIZE = NNNN
Specifies the size of the Command, Buffer, where NNNN is the size is how many bytes occupied. The default size of bytes is 512

/HISTORY:
Display all the stored Command lines.


/MACRO :
Display all the Doskey Macros.

GRAPHICS: 
This command gives much support for the printer to print graphics using the print screen.
Syntax : Graphics [/R] [/B]
[/R] : Removes the attribute of the fore ground, back ground colour on the Monitor. 
[/B] : Forces the printer to print the back ground Colour also.

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March 23, 2011

 External Commands - I

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LABEL :

This Command is used to Change or Display or Delete the Current or Specified disk drive volume label.

Syntax : LABEL [DRIVE :] [ LABEL NAME]

Ex: Volume in Drive A is....



FORMAT:

It creates a new disk for recording purpose well formatting creates tracks and sectors and directory area FAT area, well disk is formatted it will be loose all the information prior to formatting. If any found on the disk.

Syntax : Format [Drive: ] [/S] [/B] [/U] [/Q] [/V : Label] 

[F : Size] [/1] [/4] [/8]


[/S] : Formats the disks and transfers the DOS system file on the formatted disk. The system files or IO-Sys. MS-DOS sys. Command.Com and Drv. Spice.Bin


[/B] : Formats the disk and reverse space for DOS system files to be transferred on to the target disk. The Floppy or disk thus formatted can get the system file transferred the on to it by using the sys.Command.


[/U] : Specifies unconditional formatting due to which the disk thus formatted cannot be unformatted at a later stage for setting the old information.


[/Q]  :This switch is used to format on already used disk at a faster rate by deleting or Removing

the file allocation label.


[ /V : [Label]]

This switch is used to specific a volume label for the target disk being formatted.


[ /F  : [Size]] :

This Switch is used to format a disk in a in a drive whose capacity is more than that of the disk

being formatted.

[/1]  : This switch is used to prepare a single side disk.

[/4]  : This switch is used to prepare a 360 KB floppy in a high density drive (1.2 MB).

[/8]  : This switch is used to prepare a disk with 8 Sectors for track for user with Version 2.00 on early version.



DISKCOPY:

If you want to copy the contents of one floppy disk to another floppy disk. This Command helps to copies the entire files. Exactly as they are on-the source disk on the destination disk.

Syntax : Diskcopy [Drive 1]  [Drive 2]

Ex: A:\> Diskcopy A: C: and press<enter>




CHKDSK:

This Command Checks the extent of damage and usability on a floppy disk.

Syntax : CHKDSK [Drive: ] [Path] [ File spec ] [ /F ]

[/F]  : Repairs any error found in any the directory and FAT structure.

Ex : A:\> CHKDSK A: press<enter> 



UNDELETE:

If you erased one file, and then you want to call it once again if you use undelete command.

Syntax : UNDELETE [ /List ] [ /All ]

[/ List] : Lists the files that can be deleted, without actually recovering any of the files. 

[/ ALL] : Recover all the deleted files without asking you to confirm each file.

Ex: A:\> Undelete yourname.dat press<enter>



XCOPY :

It is used to copy the files selectively from one or more sub-directories.

Syntax: X COPY [Drive: ] [ Path ] [ Drive: ]

[Path] [/A ] [/d : Date ] [/E ] [ /M ] [ /P ] [ /S ] [/V] [ /W ]


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